The UK will start donating vaccines to countries in need within weeks, with at least 100 million surplus doses being distributed in the next year, Boris Johnson announced as G7 leaders gathered in Cornwall.

The group of seven leading industrialised nations are expected to collectively agree to provide a billion doses of Covid-19 vaccine in an effort to end the pandemic in 2022.

The leaders – including US President Joe Biden – will spend the day discussing issues including the pandemic before a lavish reception at the Eden Project attended by the Queen.

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge will also take part in their first G7 events, another milestone in their progression as senior royals.

William and Kate will join the Queen, the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall at the G7 leaders reception at the Eden Project on Friday evening.

The summit, being held  in Carbis Bay, begins with leaders of wealthy nations under pressure to do more to share the burden of protecting the world from the virus.

US President Joe Biden has already promised to donate half a billion Pfizer vaccines for 92 countries and the African Union.

Under the Prime Minister’s plan, the UK will provide five million doses by the end of September, with 25 million more by the end of 2021.

The Prime Minister said: “As a result of the success of the UK’s vaccine programme we are now in a position to share some of our surplus doses with those who need them.

“In doing so we will take a massive step towards beating this pandemic for good.

“At the G7 Summit I hope my fellow leaders will make similar pledges so that, together, we can vaccinate the world by the end of next year and build back better from coronavirus.”

Around a fifth of the doses promised by Mr Johnson will be delivered through bilateral arrangements with countries in need, while the rest will go through the Covax initiative which is distributing vaccines to poorer nations.

Downing Street said that by sharing five million doses in the coming weeks the UK will meet an immediate demand for vaccines for the countries worst affected by the pandemic without delaying completion of the domestic vaccination programme.

All adults in the UK will have been offered a first vaccine dose by the end of July under Government plans.

Officials hope that vaccinating people around the world will save lives, reduce the spread of the virus and restrict the emergence of new variants which could potentially be more dangerous than existing coronavirus strains.

At the summit, which runs until Sunday, the leaders of the UK, US, Canada, Japan, France, Germany and Italy will pledge at least a billion coronavirus vaccine doses to the world through dose sharing and financing.

They will also set out a plan to expand vaccine manufacturing in order to achieve that goal.

The Prime Minister will ask the group to encourage pharmaceutical companies to adopt the Oxford-AstraZeneca model of providing vaccines at cost price for the duration of the pandemic.

Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson, also known as Janssen, have already pledged to share 1.3 billion doses on a non-profit basis with developing countries.

In the days leading up to the summit, Mr Johnson has engaged in rows with the European Union and the US over Brexit and with his own backbenchers, including predecessor Theresa May, over the cut in the UK’s aid spending.

The UK has gone back on a commitment to spend 0.7% of national income on overseas aid, cutting the amount to 0.5% due to the economic carnage caused by the pandemic.

But the donation of vaccines will count as extra aid spending on top of the £10 billion already promised under the reduced target.

The Government is also exploring how to provide vaccines to allow more people to attend the Cop26 climate summit in November which Mr Johnson is hosting in Glasgow.

The UK will work to provide vaccines to accredited delegations who would be otherwise unable to attain them in an effort to ensure countries most affected by climate change can properly participate in the discussions.

The response to the pandemic is one of the main themes of the summit, which is taking place amid tight security, both against criminal threats but also the risk posed by the virus.

Those attending, including the world leaders, will be tested regularly while the size of delegations and the number of press in attendance will be limited compared with previous summits.

India was invited to participate as a guest country but its delegation will only attend remotely.

G7 Summit
Carrie Johnson, Prime Minister Boris Johnson, US President Joe Biden and first lady Jill Biden walk outside Carbis Bay Hotel (Toby Melville/PA)

There are no plans for the Prime Minister to shake hands with his counterparts and social distancing will be maintained during set piece events such as the traditional summit “family photograph”.

Mr Johnson will hold meetings with Japanese counterpart Yoshihide Suga, Canada’s Justin Trudeau and Italy’s Mario Draghi in the margins of the summit on Friday.

Zoe Abrams, executive director at the British Red Cross, said the promise on vaccines was “heartening” but added: “While every commitment must be welcomed, more needs to be done, and fast.

“The G7 states, as world leaders, need to commit to more funding and measures to ensure more vaccines can be produced. The world’s most vulnerable communities need to be vaccinated as fast as possible, in every corner of the world.”

Lis Wallace, head of UK advocacy at anti-poverty campaigners One, said: “It’s great news that Boris Johnson has decided to come to the G7 with a plan to share vaccine doses but if he really wants to be the ‘host with the most’ at his own party then he needs to go further. This means starting to share doses right now to counter the current global vaccine crisis.”